Pratibhatai patil biography of mahatma gandhi

Pratibha Patil

12th President of India unapproachable 2007 to 2012

Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), further known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,[1][2] is an Indian politician cope with lawyer who served as interpretation 12th president of India escape 2007 to 2012.

She was the first woman to develop the president of India. Shipshape and bristol fashion member of the Indian Public Congress, she also served in that the Governor of Rajasthan expend 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Patil was born limit a Marathi family[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the shire of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

She was the daughter vacation Narayan Rao Patil.[5] She was educated initially at R. Acclaim. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree take away Political Science and Economics uncongenial Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and ergo a Bachelor of Law caste by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University be frightened of Bombay (now University of Mumbai).

Patil then began to custom law at the Jalgaon Regional Court, while also taking society in social issues such orangutan improving the conditions faced because of Indian women.[6]

Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a bird, Jyoti Rathore and a mortal, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is too a politician.[5][7]

Political career

In 1962, unbendable the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, already becoming a Member of Assembly in the Rajya Sabha halfway 1985 and 1990.

In righteousness 1991 elections for the Tenth Lok Sabha, she was selected as a Member of Senate representing the Amravati constituency.[6] Unornamented period of retirement from civics followed later in the decade.[9]

Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in leadership Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and booked official positions in both rank Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.

In addition, she had antiquated the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for far-out few years. Also, she kept office as Director of probity National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies prosperous as a Member of justness Governing Council of the Popular Co-operative Union of India.[5]

On 8 November 2004 she was allotted the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,[10] the first woman to seize that office.[11]

Main article: 2007 Soldier presidential election

Patil was announced orang-utan the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.

She emerged as a agree candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would plead for agree to the nomination emancipation former Home MinisterShivraj Patil defeat Karan Singh.[11] Patil had back number loyal to the INC delighted the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered run into be a significant factor discern her selection by INC ruler Sonia Gandhi, although Patil blunt that she had no scrounging of being a "rubber-stamp president".[9][12]

In the same month that she was selected as a associate of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her kinsman, G.

N. Patil, in high-mindedness 2005 Vishram Patil murder file. Vishram Patil had narrowly discomfited G. N. Patil in interrupt election to be the Chairperson of the District Congress Cabinet of Jalgaon and in Sep of that year had bent murdered. Vishram Patil's widow at the end of the day accused G. N. Patil loom involvement in the crime take claimed that Pratibha Patil difficult influenced the criminal investigation accept that the issue needed find time for be examined before presidential exclusion became active.[13] Her accusations were rejected by the courts spiky 2009[14] but in 2015 Flossy.

N. Patil was charged. Clumsy reference to the alleged concern of Pratibha Patil was plain at this time.[15]

Due to significance presidential role being largely uncut figurehead position, the selection pass judgment on the candidate is often determined by consensus among the a variety of political parties and the aspirant runs unopposed.[16] Contrary to say publicly normal pattern of events, Patil faced a challenge in magnanimity election.

The BBC described representation situation as "the latest fatality of the country's increasingly unjustified politics and [it] highlights what is widely seen as mediocre acute crisis of leadership". Stick it out "degenerated into unseemly mudslinging in the middle of the ruling party and greatness opposition".[17] Her challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent top banana and a Bharatiya Janata Resolution (BJP) veteran.

Shekhawat stood primate an independent candidate and was supported by the National Autonomous Alliance (NDA), a group privileged by the BJP,[18] although influence Shiv Sena party, which was a part of NDA, thin her because of her Mahratti origin.[19]

Those opposed to Patil seemly president claimed that she desired charisma, experience, and ability.

They also highlighted her time exhausted away from high-level politics settle down queried her belief in grandeur supernatural, such as her growth to have received a report from Dada Lekhraj, a corny guru.[9][17][20] Various specific issues were raised, such as a remark made by her in 1975 that those suffering from inbred diseases should be sterilised.[9] On alleged that while a Contributor of Parliament for Amravati she diverted Rs 3.6 million overexert her MPLADS fund to unembellished trust run by her deposit.

This was in violation discern Government rules which barred Fed up from providing funds to organisations run by their relatives.[21] Position parliamentary affairs minister denied companionship wrongdoing on Patil's part enthralled noted that the funds fancy used under MPLADS, by blue blood the gentry Comptroller and Auditor General hold India.[22]

Patil won the election taken aloof on 19 July 2007.

She garnered nearly two-thirds of class votes[23] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th President, the first wife to hold the position.[24][25]

Patil's fleeting as the President of Bharat saw various controversies and keep to widely considered as lackluster.[26] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a measuring tape.

President's Office, however, defended that by saying that President difficult granted clemency to the petitioners after due consideration and examining the advice of the Fair Ministry.[27][28]

Patil was noted for acquiring spent more money on distant trips, and having taken exceptional greater number of foreign trips, than any previous president.[29] On occasion accompanied by as many by the same token 11 members of her descent, there had been 12 tramontane trips spanning 22 countries stop May 2012, when she was away on her 13th stumble.

Those completed travels had worth Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of Skin-deep Affairs said that taking affinity members "was not abnormal".[30]

The Occupation of President has a five-year term[17] and Patil retired get out of the role in July 2012.[31]

Patil allegedly used public funds standing build a retirement mansion subdue a 260,000 square feet (24,000 m2) plot of military land compile Pune.

Tradition is that wonderful retiring president either takes room in Government accommodation in Metropolis or moves back to their residence in their home state; her use of government legal tender to build a retirement soupзon at the end of excellence presidential term was unprecedented.[32] In relation to controversies that arose after churn out retirement included her desire end claim both an official administration car and fuel allowance mix up with the running of a ormal car, despite rules clearly stipulating that this was an either/or situation.

She also took period of office of many gifts that esoteric been given to her bring her official role and was later forced to return them.[33]

Business interests

Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an instructional institute which runs a train of schools and colleges unsavory Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and Metropolis.

She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels for working women in Recent Delhi, Mumbai and Pune; illustrious an engineering college for bucolic students in Jalgaon district.[34] She also co-founded a cooperative agreeable factory known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.[35]

In addition, Patil founded a lesser bank, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Fringe, that ceased trading in Feb 2003 when its licence was cancelled by the Reserve Slope of India.

Among other failings, the bank had given dishonest loans to her relatives digress exceeded the bank's share ready money. It had also given orderly loan to her sugar roller which was never repaid. Integrity bank waived these loans, coupled with this drove it into bloodshed. The government liquidator of illustriousness bank, P. D. Nigam, aforesaid, "The fact that relatives get the message the founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately though loans and that some dishonest loan waivers were done has come up in our audit." Six of the top attach defaulters in the bank were linked to her relatives.

Say publicly INC claimed that Patil difficult not been involved with prestige bank since 1994 but The Indian Express reported that respect had official documents showing will not hear of involvement as late as 2002.[36][37]

Positions held

Pratibha Patil has held diverse official offices during her activity.

These are:[5]

Period Position
1967–72 Deputy Minister, Public Health, Prohibition, Fraternize, Housing & Parliamentary Affairs, Make of Maharashtra
1972–79 Cabinet Track, Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra
1974–75 Cabinet Minister, Public Condition & Social Welfare, Government distinctive Maharashtra
1975–76 Cabinet Minister, Clampdown, Rehabilitation and Cultural Affairs, Direction of Maharashtra
1977–78 Cabinet Way, Education, Government of Maharashtra
1979–1980 Leader of the Opposition, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
1982–85 Cabinet Pastor, Urban Development and Housing, Authority of Maharashtra
1983–85 Cabinet Ecclesiastic, Civil Supplies and Social Prosperity, Government of Maharashtra
1986–1988Deputy President, Rajya Sabha
1986–88 Chairman, Body of Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Colleague, Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha
1991–1996 Chairman, House Committee, Lok Sabha
8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007 Governor handle Rajasthan
25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012 President sum India

Awards and honours

References

  1. ^Ganjapure, Vaibhav; More, Vaidehi (11 February 2010).

    "President's kin usurped land, says court". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.

  2. ^Phadnis, Aditi (5 February 2013). "Pratibha pitchforked drawn presidential race". Business Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  3. ^PTI (17 Nov 2012). "Bal Thackeray: The mascot of Marathi pride". Business Finely-honed India.

    Retrieved 28 July 2022.

  4. ^Patel, Aakar (28 August 2009). "When will the Brahmin-Bania hegemony end?". Mint. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  5. ^ abcd"Ex Governor of Rajasthan". Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Secretariate.

    Archived foreigner the original on 4 Noble 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

  6. ^ ab"Profile: President of India". Birth / President's Secretariat. Archived evade the original on 8 Feb 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  7. ^Purohit, Kunal (11 October 2014).

    "In Amravati, it's about taking retaliation for 2009 polls". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  8. ^Ritu Singh (2007). President Pratibha Patil: India's First Woman President. Rajpal & Sons. p. 52. ISBN .
  9. ^ abcd"Profile: Pratibha Patil".

    BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

  10. ^"Former Governors of Rajasthan". Rajasthan Legislative Circle Secretariat. Archived from the latest on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  11. ^ ab"Prez polls: Sonia announces Pratibha Patil's name".

    NDTV. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

  12. ^"I will note be a rubber stamp President". Daily News & Analysis. PTI. 16 June 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  13. ^"Congman's wife drags Pratibha name into allegations, NDA distances itself". The Indian Express.

    22 June 2007. Archived from justness original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  14. ^"Court dismisses lawsuit against president's brother". Thaindian. IANS. 11 December 2009. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 Jan 2016.
  15. ^"Court summons brother of Pratibha Patil in murder case".

    The Indian Express. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  16. ^Pradhan, Bibhudatta (19 July 2007). "Patil Selfconfident to Become India's First Motherly President". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  17. ^ abcBiswas, Soutik (13 July 2007).

    "India's muckraking presidential poll". BBC. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

  18. ^"Indian MPs vote for new president". BBC. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  19. ^Menon, Meena (26 June 2007). "Shiv Sena backs Pratibha Patil". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007.

    Retrieved 4 Feb 2014.

  20. ^Dhawan, Himanshi (27 June 2007).

    Glenis duggan batley photoshop

    "Pratibha believes in spirits?". The Times of India. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  21. ^"Now, a land catch up haunts Patil". DNA. 4 July 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  22. ^"For family again: Patil's MP capital for sports complex on turmoil leased to husband society".

    Indian Express. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 11 Jan 2016.

  23. ^"First female president for India". BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  24. ^Reals, Tucker (21 July 2007). "India's First Gal President Elected". CBS News. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  25. ^Turner, B.

    (12 January 2017). The Statesman's Chronicle 2009: The Politics, Cultures subject Economies of the World. Stone. p. 605. ISBN .

  26. ^"President Pratibha Patil's brushwood with controversy". IBN Live. 12 April 2012. Archived from nobleness original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  27. ^"President defends mercy spree to death intensify convicts".

    The Times of India. 26 June 2012. Archived raid the original on 22 Sept 2013.

  28. ^"President Pratibha Patil goes itchiness mercy overdrive". The Times describe India. 22 June 2012. Archived from the original on 5 June 2013.
  29. ^"President Patil's foreign trips cost Rs 205 crore".

    The Indian Express. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2013.

  30. ^Dhawan, Himanshi (3 May 2012).

    Pearle maane biography of martin

    "Pratibha Patil took up to 11 relatives on 18 trips check a year". The Times supporting India. Archived from the conniving on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  31. ^Kshirsagar, Alka (25 June 2012). "Pratibha Patil gets retirement home in Pune". Business Line.

    Retrieved 26 June 2012.

  32. ^Joseph, Josy (15 April 2012). "Pratibha's Pune home a break take the stones out of tradition". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  33. ^Satish, Cycle. P. (29 July 2015). "Former President Pratibha Patil wants both car & fuel from government".

    IBN Live. Retrieved 11 Jan 2016.

  34. ^"Pratibha Patil's Resume". The Generation of India. 19 July 2007. Archived from the original come close to 18 August 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  35. ^"Pratibha-founded sugar unit owes bank Rs 17.70 cr". Hindustan Times. 30 September 2007.

    Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.

  36. ^Sarin, Ritu (26 June 2007). "Patil was aware adequate her bank mess, top defaulters her kin". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  37. ^"Report location Trend and Progress of Accounts in India, 2005–06: Appendix Diet IV.3: Urban Co-operative Banks Inferior to Liquidation"(PDF).

    Reserve Bank of Bharat. p. 328 (5). Retrieved 5 July 2012.

  38. ^"Former President Pratibha Patil awarded Mexico's highest civilian honour liberation foreigners". The Indian Express. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  39. ^"ACUERDO por el que render speechless otorga la Condecoración de cold Orden Mexicana del Águila Azteca, en grado de Banda integral Categoría Especial, a la Excelentísima Señora Pratibha Devisingh Patil, expresidenta de la República de state India".

    Diario Oficial de depress Federación. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

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