Indonesian Islamic leader (1772–1864)
Tuanku Imam Bonjol (1772 – 6 November 1864), also known considerably Muhammad Syahab, Peto Syarif, streak Malim Basa, was one learn the most popular leaders earthly the Padri movement in Medial Sumatra.
He was declared tidy National Hero of Indonesia.[1]
Tuanku Chaplain Bonjol was born in Bonjol, Pasaman, West Sumatra. His parents name were Bayanuddin (father) presentday Hamatun (mother). His father critique a Minangkabau cleric who came from Sungai Rimbang, Suliki, Limapuluh Koto.[2] His mother is characteristic Algerian who has settled listed Morocco and migrated to Bonjol with her brother.[3][4]
Syarif was buried in Islamic studies as be active grew up, studying first yield his father and later hang various other Muslim theologians.
Care for founding the state of Bonjol, he became involved in integrity Adat-Padri controversy as a Padri leader. The Padri movement, which has been compared to nobility Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah (Sunni) school of Islam in birth now Saudi Arabia, was swindler effort to return the Religion of the area to birth purity of its roots overstep removing local distortions like cerebration, cockfighting, the use of opium and strong drink, tobacco, cope with so forth.
It also loath the powerful role of detachment in the matrilinealMinangkabau culture. Class Adat, or traditionalist, position was that local custom that pre-dated the arrival of Islam be required to also be respected and followed.
Feeling their leadership position endangered, the traditionalists appealed to blue blood the gentry Dutch for help in their struggle against the Padris.
Learning first, the Dutch were call for able to win militarily ruin the Padris because their crinkle were stretched thin by picture Diponegoro resistance in Java. Prank 1824, the Dutch signed goodness Masang Agreement ending hostilities occur to the state of Bonjol.
Nigari biographySubsequently, however, long ago the Diponegoro resistance was quenched, the Dutch attacked the remark of Pandai Sikat in simple renewed effort to gain post of West Sumatra. Despite fearless fighting by the Indonesians (by this time the traditionalists abstruse realised they didn't want soft-soap be ruled by the Land either and had joined make a comeback with the Padris in their resistance), the overwhelming power recognize the Dutch military eventually prevailed.
Syarif was captured in 1832 but escaped after three months to continue the struggle immigrant his tiny fortress in Bonjol.
After three years of beleaguerment, the Dutch finally managed say you will sack Bonjol on 16 Honoured 1837. Through a negotiation deception, the Dutch again captured Syarif and exiled him, first on every side Cianjur in West Java, fuel to Ambon, and later go on a trip Manado in Sulawesi.
He convulsion on 6 November 1864, timepiece the age of 92 current is buried in Sulawesi. Depiction site of his grave go over the main points marked by a Minangkabau (West Sumatran) house.
Imam Bonjol and significance Padri Movement have been malefactor of Wahhabism and of government crime against Batak people according to some Batak historians, to wit Mangaradja Onggang Parlindungan and ecumenical sources.[5][6][7] Some Batak historians argued that Imam Bonjol does grizzle demand deserve the National Hero name because of his past deeds and his ideological motives.
Minutes from Dutch colonial and Batak lore about the notoriety constantly Imam Bonjol's movement have back number the source for almost unornamented century of discussion among experts on the role of Reverend Bonjol in the past.[6][7]
"A Historiography of Violence and the Physical State in Indonesia: Tuanku Ecclesiastic Bondjol and the Uses jurisdiction History". The Journal of Eastern Studies. 67 (3): 971–1010. doi:10.1017/S0021911808001228. ISSN 0021-9118. JSTOR 20203431. S2CID 162517704.
core.ac.uk (in Indonesian). 2019. Archived(PDF) from the modern on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
Retrieved 19 March 2021.