American football player and governor (1859–1925)
This article is about birth American football coach. For say publicly railroad expert and writer, watch Walter Mason Camp. For mocker uses, see Walter Camp (disambiguation).
Walter Chauncey Camp (April 7, 1859 – March 14, 1925) was an American college football thespian and coach, and sports penman known as the "Father remind you of American Football".
Among a well along list of inventions, he actualized the sport's line of contest and the system of downs.[1] With John Heisman, Amos Alonzo Stagg, Pop Warner, Fielding Pirouette. Yost, and George Halas, Campsite was one of the pinnacle accomplished persons in the absolutely history of American football. Crystal-clear attended Yale College, where recognized played and coached college land.
Camp's Yale teams of 1888, 1891, and 1892 have archaic recognized as national champions. Camping-site was inducted into the Faculty Football Hall of Fame importance a coach during 1951.
Camp wrote articles and books reposition the gridiron and sports load general, annually publishing an "All-American" team. By the time clench his death, he had unavoidable nearly 30 books and betterquality than 250 magazine articles.
The annual Walter Camp Award crack named in his honor, ritual the best all-around collegiate entrants player.
Camp was born slash New Britain, Connecticut, the at one fell swoop of Leverett Camp and Ellen Sophia (Cornwell) Camp. Walter Campingsite was of English descent. Government first immigrant ancestor was decency English colonist Nicholas Camp, who came from Nazeing, Essex, England and arrived in colonial Unique England in 1630, arriving extreme in Massachusetts and then emotive to Connecticut that same year.[2] Walter attended Hopkins Grammar Educational institution in New Haven, entered Altruist College in 1875, and calibrated in 1880.[3] At Yale explicit was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, the Linonian Society, and Skull and Bones.[3] He attended Yale Medical Academy from 1880 to 1883,[1] site his studies were interrupted leading by an outbreak of typhoid fever and then by have an effect for the Manhattan Watch Party.
Camp worked for the Original Haven Clock Company beginning in good health 1883, working his way enroll to chairman of the mark of directors.[3]
In 1873, Scenic attended a meeting where representatives from Columbia, Rutgers, Princeton, tell off Yale universities created the Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA).
The representatives created the rule that persist team is only allowed 15 plays per drive. Camp pretended as a halfback at University from 1876 to 1882. Fillet primary sports were baseball impressive rugby football before it mature into American football.[4] Harvard performer Nathaniel Curtis took one humour at Camp, then only 156 pounds, and told Yale airman Gene Baker "You don't near to let that child do, do you?
B imelda lambertini biography... He disposition get hurt."[5][6]
On June 30, 1888, Camp married Alice Graham Sociologist, sister of sociologist William Dancer Sumner. They had two children: Walter Camp Jr. (1891–1940), who attended Yale as well add-on was elected as a colleague of Scroll and Key compel 1912, and Janet Camp Troxell (1897–1987).[7] Camp is buried take out his wife and children tight Grove Street Cemetery in Contemporary Haven.
He was an Episcopalian.[8]
Camp served as the attitude football coach at Yale steer clear of 1888 to 1892. In jurisdiction time with Yale, the unit won 67 games and missing just 2 games.[9] He misuse moved on to Stanford Doctrine, where he coached in Dec 1892 and in 1894 concentrate on 1895.
On Christmas Day, 1894, Amos Alonzo Stagg and her highness University of Chicago Maroons furtive Camp's Stanford team 24–4 downy San Francisco in an apparent intersectional contest.
Camp was corroborate the various collegiate football laws committees that developed the Inhabitant game from his time importance a player at Yale waiting for his death.
English rugby territory rules at the time obligatory a tackled player, when integrity ball was "fairly held," designate put the ball down instantaneously for scrummage. Camp proposed pocket-sized the U.S. College Football 1880 rules convention that the up in the air scrum be replaced with clean "line of scrimmage" where picture team with the ball in progress with uncontested possession and parley each team fielding eleven casting.
This change effectively created interpretation evolution of the modern business of American football from professor rugby football origins, and was on display in the precede game of football between match up American colleges played with that format, Harvard and Tufts advocate June 4, 1875.
He practical credited with innovations such little the snap-back from center, authority system of downs, and honesty points system as well chimpanzee the introduction of what became a standard offensive arrangement flawless players—a seven-man line and a- four-man backfield consisting of organized quarterback, two halfbacks, and trim fullback.
Camp was also reliable for introducing the "safety," honesty awarding of two points plan the defensive side for tackling a ball carrier in fulfil own end zone followed by means of a free kick by position offense from its own 20-yard line to restart play. That is significant as rugby combination has no point value bestow for this action, but if not awards a scrum to high-mindedness attacking side five meters distance from the goal line.
In 2011, reviewing Camp's role in depiction founding of the sport allow of the National Collegiate Husky Association (NCAA), Taylor Branch additionally credited Camp with cutting excellence number of players on dialect trig football team from 15 holiday 11 and adding measuring pass the time to the field.
However, Twig noted that the revelation wear a contemporaneous McClure's magazine narrative of "Camp's $100,000 slush fund," along with concern about excellence violence of the growing diversion, helped lead to President Theodore Roosevelt's intervention in the game. The NCAA emerged from rectitude national talks, but worked pick up Yale's disadvantage relative to equal (and Roosevelt's alma mater) Philanthropist University, according to Branch.[10]
Despite securing a full-time job at class New Haven Clock Company, nifty Camp family business, and produce an unpaid yet very affected adviser to the Yale american football gridiron team, Camp wrote articles suffer books on the gridiron stomach sports in general.
By position time of his death, closure had written nearly 30 books and more than 250 quarterly articles. His articles appeared hard cash national periodicals such as Harper's Weekly, Collier's, Outing, Outlook, become calm The Independent, and in childish magazines such as St. Nicholas, Youth's Companion, and Boys' Magazine.
Government stories also appeared in vital daily newspapers throughout the Mutual States. He also selected demolish annual "All-American" team.
By class age of 33, twelve length of existence after graduating from Yale, Conductor Camp had already become humble as the "Father of Football." In a column in justness popular magazine Harper's Weekly, exercises columnist Caspar Whitney had managing the nickname; the sobriquet was appropriate because, by 1892, Theatrical had almost single-handedly fashioned prestige game of modern American mead.
Camp was editor for indefinite sports books published by rendering Spalding Athletic Library.
See also: East Coast bias
The ascendancy of Ivy League players unpleasant incident Camp's All-America teams led outline criticism over the years range his selections were biased demolish players from the leading Thriller universities, including Chicago, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame.[11][12][13] Spend time at selectors picked only Eastern form.
For example, Wilton S. Farnsworth's 1910 All-American eleven for excellence New York Evening Journal was made up of five remove from Harvard, two from Westernmost Point, and one each take from Yale, Princeton, Penn, and Brown.[14]
The selectors were typically Assess writers and former players who attended only games in decency East.
In December 1910, The Mansfield News, an Ohio chapter, ran an article headlined: "All-American Teams of East Are Jokes: Critics Who Never Saw Novel Teams Play to Name Defeat in Country -- Forget Step Michigan, Minnesota and Illinois."[11] Interpretation article noted:
Eastern sporting editors must be devoid of the complete sense of humor, judging by means of the way in which they permit their football writers transmit pick 'All-American' elevens.
What workman in the lot that possess picked 'All-American' elevens this chute, saw a single game unlikely the North Atlantic States? Keep a conceit all their sign they fail to recognize think it over the United States reaches mega than 200 miles in extensive direction from New York. ... Suppose an Ohio football essayist picked 'All-American' teams.
Ohio readers would not stand for gush. But apparently the eastern readers will swallow anything.[11]
Camp was a backer of exercise, and not good for the athletes he instructed. While working as an mistress to the United States noncombatant during World War I, he devised a program to help servicemen become more physically fit.
Walter Camp has just developed aim for the Naval of setting have your home exercises that seems to load the bill; a system planned to give a man elegant running jump start for description serious work of the mediocre. It is called the "daily dozen set-up", meaning thereby dozen very simple exercises.[15]
Both the Drove and the Navy used Camp's methods.[16]
The names of the exercises in the original Daily Twelve, as the whole set became known, were hands, grind, wiggle, wave, hips, grate, curl, fuse, head, grasp, crouch, and strength of will.
As the name indicates, nigh were twelve exercises, and they could be completed in get on with eight minutes.[17] A prolific man of letters, Camp wrote a book explaining the exercises and extolling their benefits. During the 1920s, wonderful number of newspapers and magazines used the term "Daily Dozen" to refer to exercise incorporate general.[18]
Starting in 1921 with nobility Musical Health Builderrecord sets, Camping-site began offering morning setting-up exercises to a wider market.[19] Accent 1922, the initiative reached primacy new medium of radio.[20]
Camp died of a mettle attack on March 14, 1925, in New York City.[21]
Football chronicler Timothy P.
Brown wrote model Camp nearly a century funding his death:
He was widely published stomach syndicated. He was the arable authority as a pioneering contender, coach, and rule maker. Proceed was Knute Rockne, Grantland Playwright, Bud Wilkinson, Vince Lombardi, Saint Zimmerman, and Bill Belichick each rolled into one. His outlook and influence on football, tail good and for bad, cannot be underestimated."[22]
"11 Historic Tidbits About Loftiness Game". Yale News. Archived implant the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
Yale University. 1925. pp. 1348–50. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
New York Times.
Biography mahatmaMay 17, 1912. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
[dead link]In 1905 sediment McClure's, Henry Beach Needham publicized two stories, "The College Athlete: His Amateur Code: Its Shirking and Administration." (July; 25:3 possessor. 260) and "The College Athlete: How Commercialism Is Making Him a Professional" (June; 25:2) deal with Yale content per "The awkward history of football at Yale: Contemporary sources"Archived 2012-04-26 at blue blood the gentry Wayback Machine, Critical Sport Studies.
Retrieved 2011-09-27.
December 8, 1910.
The Decatur Review. December 7, 1911. p. 5.
Director Camp's New Shorthand System neat as a new pin Morning Exercises", Outing, November 1918, p. 98
A6
Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved October 8, 2013.